ENHANCING WILDLIFE TRADE ENFORCEMENT IN MALAYSIA: A REVIEW OF THE ROLE OF DISRUPTIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND MULTI-STAKEHOLDER COLLABORATION

The illegal wildlife trade (IWT) poses a significant threat to biodiversity and ecosystems globally, with Malaysia being a crucial transit point for traffickers due to its rich biodiversity. This review examine the integration of disruptive technologies and the role of multi-stakeholder collaboration in enhancing the management and enforcement of wildlife trade regulations in Malaysia. Three main steps outline the methodology used in this review paper including search strategy, inclusion and exclusion criteria, and selection process. Key technologies such as DNA barcoding, blockchain, drones, RFID, automated detection systems, and AI-based cyber surveillance are examined for their potential to improve tracking, monitoring, and enforcement capabilities. The review highlights successful case studies and identifies the challenges in implementing these technologies, including complexity, cost, and the need for capacity building. Moreover, it underscores the importance of collaborative efforts among government agencies, NGOs, local communities, and international bodies to effectively combat IWT. By addressing these knowledge gaps and leveraging both technological and collaborative strategies, Malaysia can enhance its capacity to protect its biodiversity and contribute to global conservation efforts.